Net-metering, When excess PV self-consumption is valued.

Appeared in the United States in 1983 in the State of Minnesota, net-metering (net metering or net invoicing or compensation) is a policy of self-consumption of photovoltaic electricity that allows a customer producing his own electricity to inject the surplus of its consumption in the public electricity network. Under the net-metering contract, the customer, who is now a consumer and producer of energy, consumes the energy produced by his photovoltaic installation in real time and injects his excess production into the electrical network to which he is connected. . In return, he receives compensation which generally takes the form of a credit deductible from invoices due for the following months.

In 2015, 43 states in the United States passed laws regarding the implementation of net-metering. Since then, many countries have implemented this system, such as Belgium, Italy, Denmark, Brazil, Tunisia and the Philippines.

There are major legislative differences between the applications of net-metering in these countries, but the principle remains broadly the same: to encourage “green” investment by offering a consumption advantage.